DER Encoded Binary X.509. DER (Distinguished Encoding Rules) for ASN.1, as defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.509, is a more restrictive encoding standard than the alternative BER (Basic Encoding Rules) for ASN.1, as defined in ITU-T Recommendation X.209, upon which DER is based. Both BER and DER provide a platform-independent method of encoding
I'd like to convert it into a PEM file containing the full certificate chain (i.e. in this case a file that starts with this certificate and then has two more BEGIN/END CERTIFICATE brackets containing Regulated CA 02 and Root CA IV). The certificate uses the Authority Information Access extension to list the download url to get the issuer
We get the chain of certificates, starting with the certificate of our own. We see the common name (CN) which we gave in the IAS: FrontendApp. We see who issued our certificate: it is the Cloud CA (CA = Certification Authority) The second certificate, the intermediate certificate has the same name as Cloud CA.
When an X.509 certificate is signed by a publicly trusted CA, such as SSL.com, the certificate can be used by a third party to verify the identity of the entity presenting it. X509 Certificate Field Subject is the name of the user encoded as a distinguished name (the format for distinguished names is explained shortly).
X.509 templates are evaluated after the certificate signing request (CSR) has been validated, but before the certificate is issued. So the CA can accept a CSR from the user, and use a template to determine what is actually issued. A template can even incorporate additional user data supplied along with the CSR when the certificate is issued.
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